Phosphate in inorganic chemistry is a salt of phosphoric acid. In organic chemistry the phosphate or organophosphate Balanگlazeyh: Organophosphate is an ester of phosphoric acid. And phosphate is of great importance in biochemistry and Biochemistry and Earth Balanگlazeyh: Biogeochemistry. It is one of the mineral wealth of the Muslim world, especially Morocco, Egypt, Jordan and Palestine.
Chemical properties
Ion phosphate ion is a multi-atoms and has empirical formula PO43- and has a molar mass of 94.973 g / mol; It consists of one phosphorus atom surrounded by four central similar atoms of oxygen in order of publication in the form of four-tetrahedron. He holds ion phosphate shipment tray formal charge negative amount minus three, which is the conjugate base of the hydrogenphosphate ion, HPO42-, which is the conjugate base of H2PO4-, dual hydrogen phosphate ion, which in turn is the conjugate base of H3PO4, phosphoric acid. A hypervalent molecule (phosphorus atom has 10 electrons in its valence shell). Phosphate is also Organophosphorus compound organophosphorus formula OP (OR) / * chemical properties * / 3
Salt and phosphate ion is formed when dock positive oxygen atoms with a negative charge on the ion, forming ionic compound. And many of the phosphates they may not be soluble in water at the temperature and pressure Alkiesaan.
More precisely, considering the following three equilibrium reactions:
H3PO4 ⇌ H + + H2PO4-
H2PO4- ⇌ H + + HPO42-
HPO42- ⇌ H + + PO43-
the corresponding constants at 25 ° C (in mol / L) are (see phosphoric acid):
K_ {a1} = \ frac {[\ mbox {H} ^ +] [\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} {{[\ mbox {H} _3 \ mbox PO} _4]} \ simeq 7.5 \ times10 ^ {- 3}
K_ {a2} = \ frac {[\ mbox {H} ^ +] [\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} {[\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} \ simeq 6.2 \ times10 ^ {- 8}
K_ {a3} = \ frac {[\ mbox {H} ^ +] [\ mbox {PO} _4 ^ {3 -}]} {[\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} \ simeq 2.14 \ times10 ^ {- 13}
Very basic pH and compound (pH = 13), we find
\ Frac {[\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} {{[\ mbox {H} _3 \ mbox PO} _4]} \ simeq 7.5 \ times10 ^ {10} \ mbox {,} \ frac {[\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} {[\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} \ simeq 6.2 \ times10 ^ 5 \ mbox {,} \ frac { [\ mbox {PO} _4 ^ {3 -}]} {[\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} \ simeq 2.14
This shows that the only PO43- and HPO42- two Almtwajaddan in large quantities.
To compound the basal neutral pH (such as a basal Alcetosol cytosol pH = 7.0), we find
\ Frac {[\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} {{[\ mbox {H} _3 \ mbox PO} _4]} \ simeq 7.5 \ times10 ^ 4 \ mbox {,} \ frac {[\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} {[\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} \ simeq 0.62 \ mbox {,} \ frac {[\ mbox {PO} _4 ^ {3 -}]} {[\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} \ simeq 2.14 \ times10 ^ {- 6}
Therefore only H2PO4- and HPO42- ions Etwajadda in large quantities (62% H2PO4-, 38% HPO42-). Note that in the extracellular fluid (pH = 7.4), this is the ratio becomes reversed (61% HPO42-, 39% H2PO4-).
For a strongly acid pH (pH = 1), we find
\ Frac {[\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} {{[\ mbox {H} _3 \ mbox PO} _4]} \ simeq 0.075 \ mbox {,} \ frac {[\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} {[\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} \ simeq 6.2 \ times10 ^ {- 7} \ mbox {,} \ frac {[\ mbox {PO} _4 ^ {3 -}]} {[\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} \ simeq 2.14 \ times10 ^ {- 12}
showing that H3PO4 is dominant with respect to H2PO4-. HPO42- and PO43- are practically absent.
Phosphate can form many polymeric ions, diphosphate (also pyrophosphate), P2O74-, triphosphate, P3O105-, et cetera. The various metaphosphate ions have an empirical formula of PO3- and are found in many compounds.
Phosphate ore can contain significant quantities of uranium, who is a natural. Subsequent uptake of such soil amendments can lead to crops containing uranium concentrations.
Biochemistry of phosphate
In biological systems, phosphorus Cajun free phosphate in solution exists and is called inorganic phosphate, to distinguish it from phosphate associated with different phosphate esters. In general, inorganic phosphate writes as follows Pi and at physiological pH (neutral) consists mainly of a mixture of ions HPO
2.
4
And H
2
PO
-
4
.
And can be synthesized inorganic phosphate analysis of water پirovosvat, which distinguishes PPi:
P
2
O
4.
7
+ H2O in equilibrium with 2 HPO
2.
4
However, the more common the presence of phosphate places is in phosphate Alodnocn formula, (mono phosphate Alodnocn Adenosine monophosphate AMP, dual phosphate Alodnocn Adenosine diphosphate ADP and tri-phosphate Alodnocn Adenosine triphosphate - ATP) and in DNA and RNA can launch analysis water of ATP or ADP. There are similar bilateral interactions and phosphate, tris other nucleotides. And it contains links Alfosfoonhedrid in ADP and ATP, or other bilateral and tri-phosphate nucleotides, high amounts of energy that give them the pivotal role in all living organelles. And Kovsvat generally referred to as high-energy, just like Alphusvajnat in muscle tissue. And compounds such as phosphines substituted uses in organic chemistry, but it does not seem to have a natural isotopes.
Add or remove phosphates from proteins in all cells chi pivotal strategy in regulating metabolic processes.
Chemical properties
Ion phosphate ion is a multi-atoms and has empirical formula PO43- and has a molar mass of 94.973 g / mol; It consists of one phosphorus atom surrounded by four central similar atoms of oxygen in order of publication in the form of four-tetrahedron. He holds ion phosphate shipment tray formal charge negative amount minus three, which is the conjugate base of the hydrogenphosphate ion, HPO42-, which is the conjugate base of H2PO4-, dual hydrogen phosphate ion, which in turn is the conjugate base of H3PO4, phosphoric acid. A hypervalent molecule (phosphorus atom has 10 electrons in its valence shell). Phosphate is also Organophosphorus compound organophosphorus formula OP (OR) / * chemical properties * / 3
Salt and phosphate ion is formed when dock positive oxygen atoms with a negative charge on the ion, forming ionic compound. And many of the phosphates they may not be soluble in water at the temperature and pressure Alkiesaan.
H3PO4 ⇌ H + + H2PO4-
H2PO4- ⇌ H + + HPO42-
HPO42- ⇌ H + + PO43-
the corresponding constants at 25 ° C (in mol / L) are (see phosphoric acid):
K_ {a1} = \ frac {[\ mbox {H} ^ +] [\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} {{[\ mbox {H} _3 \ mbox PO} _4]} \ simeq 7.5 \ times10 ^ {- 3}
K_ {a2} = \ frac {[\ mbox {H} ^ +] [\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} {[\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} \ simeq 6.2 \ times10 ^ {- 8}
K_ {a3} = \ frac {[\ mbox {H} ^ +] [\ mbox {PO} _4 ^ {3 -}]} {[\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} \ simeq 2.14 \ times10 ^ {- 13}
Very basic pH and compound (pH = 13), we find
\ Frac {[\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} {{[\ mbox {H} _3 \ mbox PO} _4]} \ simeq 7.5 \ times10 ^ {10} \ mbox {,} \ frac {[\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} {[\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} \ simeq 6.2 \ times10 ^ 5 \ mbox {,} \ frac { [\ mbox {PO} _4 ^ {3 -}]} {[\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} \ simeq 2.14
This shows that the only PO43- and HPO42- two Almtwajaddan in large quantities.
To compound the basal neutral pH (such as a basal Alcetosol cytosol pH = 7.0), we find
\ Frac {[\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} {{[\ mbox {H} _3 \ mbox PO} _4]} \ simeq 7.5 \ times10 ^ 4 \ mbox {,} \ frac {[\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} {[\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} \ simeq 0.62 \ mbox {,} \ frac {[\ mbox {PO} _4 ^ {3 -}]} {[\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} \ simeq 2.14 \ times10 ^ {- 6}
Therefore only H2PO4- and HPO42- ions Etwajadda in large quantities (62% H2PO4-, 38% HPO42-). Note that in the extracellular fluid (pH = 7.4), this is the ratio becomes reversed (61% HPO42-, 39% H2PO4-).
For a strongly acid pH (pH = 1), we find
\ Frac {[\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} {{[\ mbox {H} _3 \ mbox PO} _4]} \ simeq 0.075 \ mbox {,} \ frac {[\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} {[\ mbox {H} _2 \ mbox {PO} _4 ^ -]} \ simeq 6.2 \ times10 ^ {- 7} \ mbox {,} \ frac {[\ mbox {PO} _4 ^ {3 -}]} {[\ mbox {HPO} _4 ^ {2 -}]} \ simeq 2.14 \ times10 ^ {- 12}
showing that H3PO4 is dominant with respect to H2PO4-. HPO42- and PO43- are practically absent.
Phosphate can form many polymeric ions, diphosphate (also pyrophosphate), P2O74-, triphosphate, P3O105-, et cetera. The various metaphosphate ions have an empirical formula of PO3- and are found in many compounds.
Phosphate ore can contain significant quantities of uranium, who is a natural. Subsequent uptake of such soil amendments can lead to crops containing uranium concentrations.
Biochemistry of phosphate
In biological systems, phosphorus Cajun free phosphate in solution exists and is called inorganic phosphate, to distinguish it from phosphate associated with different phosphate esters. In general, inorganic phosphate writes as follows Pi and at physiological pH (neutral) consists mainly of a mixture of ions HPO
2.
4
And H
2
PO
-
4
.
And can be synthesized inorganic phosphate analysis of water پirovosvat, which distinguishes PPi:
P
2
O
4.
7
+ H2O in equilibrium with 2 HPO
2.
4
However, the more common the presence of phosphate places is in phosphate Alodnocn formula, (mono phosphate Alodnocn Adenosine monophosphate AMP, dual phosphate Alodnocn Adenosine diphosphate ADP and tri-phosphate Alodnocn Adenosine triphosphate - ATP) and in DNA and RNA can launch analysis water of ATP or ADP. There are similar bilateral interactions and phosphate, tris other nucleotides. And it contains links Alfosfoonhedrid in ADP and ATP, or other bilateral and tri-phosphate nucleotides, high amounts of energy that give them the pivotal role in all living organelles. And Kovsvat generally referred to as high-energy, just like Alphusvajnat in muscle tissue. And compounds such as phosphines substituted uses in organic chemistry, but it does not seem to have a natural isotopes.
Add or remove phosphates from proteins in all cells chi pivotal strategy in regulating metabolic processes.
