Sodium is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Na Latin (Natrium proportion of Wadi Natrun) has the atomic number 11. Sodium Lin, waxy glossy and chemically active, belongs to the alkaline metal elements and yellow flame burns. It reacts in the air and highly reactive with water, making it saves in oil or oil derivatives.
Attributes
Like other alkali metals (elements of the first junta 1A), sodium Lin, light, color white diagonal to the silver if newly cut, which is chemically active in nature and there is free high effectiveness. Sodium floats in the water any density less than the density of water, breaks up water molecules as an editor hydrogen gas and oxygen ions. If grinding to become finely crushed, it ignites spontaneously in the water. Usually saves sodium metal in white oil (kerosene) for being ignites when exposed to air temperatures below 388 [Kelvin]
Uses
Sodium metal form a necessary part in the ester salt industry and manufacture of organic compounds. Moreover, this alkali metal is part of pure sodium chloride, which does not Atmii in air NaCl (table salt) is necessary for life, as it has other uses of publicly we have outlined and include:
It is used in the (mining operation) and is a convenient way to extract oxygen united with metals or dissolved in Mnsradtha
Necessary to use in the production of cyanide Alsodoam which purifies gold process (Hg)
Used in some alloys to improve their structure.
In soap (along with fatty acids).
To make a smooth metal surfaces.
To purify molten metals.
In sodium vapor lamps, to produce very high electric light effectively.
Sodium is added (or tetraethyl lead) to the fuel to prevent the pop during combustion in car engines [2]
Titanium extraction of raw materials
Liquid sodium in cooling nuclear reactors for its ability to high heat transfer is used
Used as a reducing agent strong in some organic reactions to the intensity and speed Toksdh
Food uses
The daily need of sodium in food is about 1.54 g per day [3] It is ten times less than the amount found in food "flavoring to taste." Most people consume far greater than the amount of sodium that they need quantities. Eating less sodium than the recommended amounts of sodium leads to a lack of blood.
History
The sodium known a long time ago as part of the chemical compounds, but did not get it separately until 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy through the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride in the presence of certain substances magma (lower than the melting point of salt). In the Middle Ages in Europe was the use of a compound of soda Latin name sodanum commonplace to treat headaches. And the symbol Na comes from the Latin for new common compound of sodium is Natriom natrium, and is derived from the Greek word nítron a kind of natural salt.
Presence
Sodium relatively available in the stars, and optical nice among the most prominent in the spectra of the light of the stars. Sodium makes up about 2.6% of the mass of the Earth's crust, making it the fourth largest in the alkali metals in abundance. Today's commercially produced by electrolysis of molten completely dry sodium chloride (table salt). This method is the least costly compared with the old method based on sodium Hidoarkisid electrical analysis. Sodium metal form cost between 30 to 45 US cents a kilogram in 1997. It is the cheapest of the metals by size.
Vehicles
Sodium chloride, better known food with salt or table salt, sodium compounds is more common, but sodium is present in many other minerals, such as amphibole, Alcreotal, halite (rock salt), zeolite and others. Sodium is an important element in the industry, such as the glass industry, mining, paper, soap, and fabrics. The soap is generally a sodium salt united with certain fatty acids.
The most important is the sodium compounds sodium carbonate (soda ash) (Na2CO3), sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) (NaHCO3), caustic soda (NaOH), sodium nitrate (salt Baroud Chile) (NaNO3), dual and tri-sodium phosphate, sodium thiosulfate ( Theoretically, Na2S2O3.5H2O) and borax (Na2B4O7 · 10H2O).
Isotopes
There are thirteen isotopes of sodium have been discovered. The only stable isotope is Na-23. Sodium his two equals Mishan Two outputs from the cosmic rays are (Na-22, a half-life = 2.605 years; Na-24, with a half life ≈ 15 hours).
Warnings
Sodium powder is a highly explosive material in the water and be toxic without union with other materials or Bathadh with many materials. This must be dealt with cautiously metal always. Sodium must be saved either in the atmosphere does not interact with him, or in the oil derivatives.
Sodium ions and the human body
Sodium ions play a variety of roles in many physiological processes in vivo. Excitatory cells, for example, Tamtd on the introduction of sodium cation Na + ions to remove the polarization. Transmission of nerve signals in the central nervous system of humans is an example. Sodium is a mineral salts element, and the human body contains about 105 grams of this element in the form of sodium chloride (table salt) that there is dissolved in body fluids such as blood, with a rate in the blood plasma 135-145 ml Ayari / liter.
Sodium functions
- The Sodium an important role in keeping the pH and the organization of poise acid alkali - organizing the water balance inside and outside the cells, and save osmotic pressure of body fluids, do not catch the person drought (shared with potassium and chlorine in the fluid distribution in the body) - regulate blood pressure operations, Increases shortages or cause blood pressure to rise or fall disorders from the normal average (80/120 mm Hg per adult) - helps arising from metabolic substances which are involved in metabolic processes to access through the cell walls inside where to place recycling process
Diseases resulting from lack of or sodium increase
When the body loses a large amount of sodium after lots of sweating to get headaches and spasm parties and drought or the so-called heat stress
The excessive sodium intake, it results in high blood pressure
Sodium sources
Table salt (sodium chloride), and exists also in fish, prawns, green olives, cheese, cereal bran (especially corn), sardines, milk, red beans, wheat, pumpkin, beef liver, eggs, soy sauce, canned food and the majority processed foods
It is worth mentioning that some of the medicines also contain large amounts of sodium, such as certain antacids, laxatives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Sodium intake necessary for the body daily (male and female)
From birth until the age of 6 months 120 mg of 7 months to complete the year 200 mg of 1-3 years 225 mg of 4-6 years 300 mg of 7-10 years 400 mg of 11-14 years 500 mg of 15-50 years old 500 mg
Attributes
Like other alkali metals (elements of the first junta 1A), sodium Lin, light, color white diagonal to the silver if newly cut, which is chemically active in nature and there is free high effectiveness. Sodium floats in the water any density less than the density of water, breaks up water molecules as an editor hydrogen gas and oxygen ions. If grinding to become finely crushed, it ignites spontaneously in the water. Usually saves sodium metal in white oil (kerosene) for being ignites when exposed to air temperatures below 388 [Kelvin]
Uses
Sodium metal form a necessary part in the ester salt industry and manufacture of organic compounds. Moreover, this alkali metal is part of pure sodium chloride, which does not Atmii in air NaCl (table salt) is necessary for life, as it has other uses of publicly we have outlined and include:
It is used in the (mining operation) and is a convenient way to extract oxygen united with metals or dissolved in Mnsradtha
Necessary to use in the production of cyanide Alsodoam which purifies gold process (Hg)
Used in some alloys to improve their structure.
In soap (along with fatty acids).
To make a smooth metal surfaces.
To purify molten metals.
In sodium vapor lamps, to produce very high electric light effectively.
Sodium is added (or tetraethyl lead) to the fuel to prevent the pop during combustion in car engines [2]
Titanium extraction of raw materials
Liquid sodium in cooling nuclear reactors for its ability to high heat transfer is used
Used as a reducing agent strong in some organic reactions to the intensity and speed Toksdh
Food uses
The daily need of sodium in food is about 1.54 g per day [3] It is ten times less than the amount found in food "flavoring to taste." Most people consume far greater than the amount of sodium that they need quantities. Eating less sodium than the recommended amounts of sodium leads to a lack of blood.
History
The sodium known a long time ago as part of the chemical compounds, but did not get it separately until 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy through the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride in the presence of certain substances magma (lower than the melting point of salt). In the Middle Ages in Europe was the use of a compound of soda Latin name sodanum commonplace to treat headaches. And the symbol Na comes from the Latin for new common compound of sodium is Natriom natrium, and is derived from the Greek word nítron a kind of natural salt.
Presence
Sodium relatively available in the stars, and optical nice among the most prominent in the spectra of the light of the stars. Sodium makes up about 2.6% of the mass of the Earth's crust, making it the fourth largest in the alkali metals in abundance. Today's commercially produced by electrolysis of molten completely dry sodium chloride (table salt). This method is the least costly compared with the old method based on sodium Hidoarkisid electrical analysis. Sodium metal form cost between 30 to 45 US cents a kilogram in 1997. It is the cheapest of the metals by size.
Vehicles
Sodium chloride, better known food with salt or table salt, sodium compounds is more common, but sodium is present in many other minerals, such as amphibole, Alcreotal, halite (rock salt), zeolite and others. Sodium is an important element in the industry, such as the glass industry, mining, paper, soap, and fabrics. The soap is generally a sodium salt united with certain fatty acids.
The most important is the sodium compounds sodium carbonate (soda ash) (Na2CO3), sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) (NaHCO3), caustic soda (NaOH), sodium nitrate (salt Baroud Chile) (NaNO3), dual and tri-sodium phosphate, sodium thiosulfate ( Theoretically, Na2S2O3.5H2O) and borax (Na2B4O7 · 10H2O).
Isotopes
There are thirteen isotopes of sodium have been discovered. The only stable isotope is Na-23. Sodium his two equals Mishan Two outputs from the cosmic rays are (Na-22, a half-life = 2.605 years; Na-24, with a half life ≈ 15 hours).
Warnings
Sodium powder is a highly explosive material in the water and be toxic without union with other materials or Bathadh with many materials. This must be dealt with cautiously metal always. Sodium must be saved either in the atmosphere does not interact with him, or in the oil derivatives.
Sodium ions and the human body
Sodium ions play a variety of roles in many physiological processes in vivo. Excitatory cells, for example, Tamtd on the introduction of sodium cation Na + ions to remove the polarization. Transmission of nerve signals in the central nervous system of humans is an example. Sodium is a mineral salts element, and the human body contains about 105 grams of this element in the form of sodium chloride (table salt) that there is dissolved in body fluids such as blood, with a rate in the blood plasma 135-145 ml Ayari / liter.
Sodium functions
- The Sodium an important role in keeping the pH and the organization of poise acid alkali - organizing the water balance inside and outside the cells, and save osmotic pressure of body fluids, do not catch the person drought (shared with potassium and chlorine in the fluid distribution in the body) - regulate blood pressure operations, Increases shortages or cause blood pressure to rise or fall disorders from the normal average (80/120 mm Hg per adult) - helps arising from metabolic substances which are involved in metabolic processes to access through the cell walls inside where to place recycling process
Diseases resulting from lack of or sodium increase
When the body loses a large amount of sodium after lots of sweating to get headaches and spasm parties and drought or the so-called heat stress
The excessive sodium intake, it results in high blood pressure
Sodium sources
Table salt (sodium chloride), and exists also in fish, prawns, green olives, cheese, cereal bran (especially corn), sardines, milk, red beans, wheat, pumpkin, beef liver, eggs, soy sauce, canned food and the majority processed foods
It is worth mentioning that some of the medicines also contain large amounts of sodium, such as certain antacids, laxatives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Sodium intake necessary for the body daily (male and female)
From birth until the age of 6 months 120 mg of 7 months to complete the year 200 mg of 1-3 years 225 mg of 4-6 years 300 mg of 7-10 years 400 mg of 11-14 years 500 mg of 15-50 years old 500 mg
